Decanting Wine
March 3, 2008
How do you go about the process of decanting wine and does this relate to wine aeration? - Cassie in Fairbanks, AK
Cassie, you are right. Decanting wine does help with allowing it to breathe which is known as wine aeration or to aerate wine but the main focus is to actually help with removing the sediment that gets stirred up when you pour a glass. Long ago, before wines were routinely filtered, it was pretty common for wines that were poured from barrels and bottles to contain a fair amount of solid matter which is also known as wine lees.
When you decant wine, the process lets this sediment settle down to the bottom of the decanter and allows the wine to clear which of course affects the over all taste and experience. You can use a proper wine decanter but all you really need is a simple carafe together with a suitable source of light. A small candle will do or even small butane torch will suffice also.
First, remove the entire capsule from around the neck of the bottle. This is important as will you need to have a clear view into the neck of the bottle when you are pouring it into the decanter. This allows you to observe the sediment that is and you should position your light source in a way so that it is shining through the neck from behind.
With a smooth and steady action, pour the wine into the decanter. Don’t rush when decanting, take time to observe what you are doing so you avoid disturbing the sediment in the wine. Being patient allows you to see the arrowhead of this sediment moving into the neck of the bottle. Once you see begin to see this happen you should stop pouring.
If you have done this correctly you should have a full decanter of clear wine, with just half a glass or so of sediment-laden wine remaining. So basically you have accomplished two things being that you have helped clarify the wine while enabling it the wine aeration process to occur. There you go Cassie, enjoy and remember to have a few glasses for me.
The Amount of Alcohol in Wine
February 29, 2008
I have often wondered about the amount of alcohol in wine. Would you be able to clarify this for me? Thank you. - Christi in Indianapolis, IN
Christi, this is something that actually depends on what kind of wine you are fond of drinking and many other factors combined. I’ll explain. Alcohol in wine is as important an element in the final product as the grape itself. It doesn’t just effect how you feel after drinking it but it also the taste, aroma and also the mouthfeel of a wine and I want to mention that its very important to pay attention to how a wine feels in your mouth, especially for wine virgins.
The alcohol content in wine is measured as a percentage vs. proof, which is how alcohol is measured in hard liquor. In the U.S., if the wine is labeled as a “Table Wine” then it has to have less than 14% alcohol by volume. The law also permits a 1.5% leeway. If a label says 12.5% alcohol by volume, it can actually be as high as 14% or as low as 11%. In the U.S., if a label simply says “Table Wine” then the alcohol content is between 11% and 14%.
For most grapes, after the wine fermentation process has taken place, the amount of alcohol in wine by volume is around 8% on the low end, and 14% on the high end. Today the alcohol in wine can be much higher, especially in hot climates like Australia. And, with new wine growing techniques, and better controls in the winemaking process it is not unusual to see wine over 15% or more in alcohol.
A quick list is provided below about the different varieties and alcohol content in wine.
Table wine: 8 – 14%
Sparkling wine: 8 – 12%
Fortified wine: 17 – 22%
Christi, go ahead and remember this the next time you’re out. You now have the info you need to decide exactly how much fun you are really going to have. Be careful though, you might be surprised at the kick a simple table wine can provide.
Are Sulfites in Wine Dangerous?
February 28, 2008
I’ve heard that sulfites in wine can be potentially dangerous, why would I want to continue drinking wine if this chemical is purposely added in? Anna - Kansas City, KS
Come on, that really can’t be your reason for not tipping back a glass, is it? What is there to do in Kansas City besides drink? I promise that you will not turn into a lush if you have a glass every now and again. So don’t be paranoid, here are the facts on sulfites in wine. Believe it or not all wines contain at least some small amount of sulfites and among other things; they are found on grapes, onions, garlic, and many other common plants and vegetables that make up our diet. No wine can ever be sulfite free, even if they have not been added during the wine fermentation process.
However, wine sulfites are a problem for some drinkers and can lead to serious headaches for those who do have sensitivity to it. For people who do have an allergy, the average level of sulfites in wine can cause heartburns or other side effects. Unpleasant reactions include burning sensations, hives, cramps, and flushing of the skin. For these people, organic wines are an especially good choice since they contain minimal amounts that will in most cases lie below their threshold level.
Makers of wine have been putting additional sulfites in wine for ages. This is because sulfur dioxide (SO2) is used to keep freshly pressed juice from spoiling. The good thing is that modern technology has allowed for the reduction in the amount of sulfur than what was used in the past but some is absolutely necessary to make a stable wine. If you didn’t add sulfites, the wine would turn into vinegar in a matter of months. Not only does sulfur dioxide prevent the growth of bacteria, but it also stops oxidation and helps to preserves the wine’s natural flavor.
Regulations in the United States require that domestic and imported wines carry warning labels if they have sulfites in wine in excess of 10 parts per million. Wines that have less than 10 parts per million are not required to carry the “Contains Sulfites” label but they still contain sulfites in some level.
Truly, sulfites in wine are going to be there regardless, but if you’ve never had an allergic reaction like the ones stated above then you really have nothing to worry about. There are a ton of misconceptions out there about this much slandered drink and this is why I am passionate about delivering the facts to wine virgins so you know exactly what you are pouring down your throat. Now get out to the bar or go pick up a bottle and drink to your health Anna. Cheers!!
The Number of Calories in a Glass of Wine
February 25, 2008
Hey Wine Virgin, I have some quick wine questions for you. I just started a diet recently and I wanted to know if having a few or more glasses of wine a day would have any overall effect on me trying to lose weight. So can you tell me what’s the number of calories in a glass of wine? - Kevin in Portland, OR
A few or more glasses of wine a day huh? That doesn’t really equal out to about 10 or more does it? Hey, being a functioning alcoholic isn’t a bad thing, so long as you are able to go to work, run your errands… take care of the kids. I have to commend you though for trying to lose weight while still keeping your alcohol consumption steady. If you can’t indulge on an entire package of bonbons then at least you can have your lush wine.
So as far as the number of calories in a glass of wine, dry varieties have fewer calories than sweeter ones. For example, a dry glass has a little over 100 calories and a glass of sweet dessert wine has a whopping 230 or more calories. If you drink a glass before dinner which I’m sure that you have plenty more than just one, and on top of that another glass with with your food and then a sweeter variety for dessert, you’ve added definitely more than 400 + calories to your meal.
Since I answered your wine questions, I have to ask you this one. Do you think it’s the bonbons that are making you portly or perhaps all those beautiful varieties of fermented grape that you enjoy on an all too regular basis? Come on, I’m curious!!
What is Port Wine?
February 21, 2008
Wine Virgin I was wondering if you could tell me what is port wine? Is it all wine from Portugal that is what one of my friends says but when I had some port recently it sure seemed to have a bit of a kick. - Matt in Florida
Well Matt your friend’s claim is somewhat grounded in fact but also way off at the same time and that extra kick you mention is something that can get a wine virgin or anyone for that matter into trouble if they are not careful.
You see port is a sweet Portuguese, fortified wine from the Douro Valley in the northern provinces of Portugal. Port is often served as a dessert wine. Wines in the style of the Portuguese product called port are also produced around the world in several countries-most notably Australia, South Africa, India, Canada and the United States.
Port is produced from grapes like all wines at least initially. The wine is then fortified with much higher alcohol product made from distilled wine (quite often cognac). The goal of this and the effect is to boost the alcohol content. Port wine is stored and aged, often in barrels and stored for quite a long time before being bottled.
I dearly love a good port but you had better not make the virgin mistake of treating port like chardonnay or you just might wake up regretting the night before in more ways then one. Try a small glass of Port after a big meal in place of desert some time especially after a nice steak or chops.