Why Grape Shatter Happens
April 10, 2008
Recently, we had a question from one of our readers - Ferhat, hailing from Istanbul, Turkey asked: Could you tell me why grape shatter happens please?
Ferhat, absolutely…
You see, small grapes have a tiny end on them which functions basically like a cap. As the grapes grow larger these caps fall off. But sometimes during a cool, wet spring… like how we are having right now in the southern U.S., a crop of grapes can fail to develop properly and this will lead to the cap at the end becoming very tough.
Now, when the warm weather of summer finally arrives and as the grape matures on the vine, it will begin to push up against this cap that is now very tough. The end result being is that instead of the cap falling off as it normally would, the grape actually shatters against the cap due to the pressure of being pressed up against it. When this occurs it can destroy whole yields and leads to what is known as a poor fruit set with bunches that only have a few grapes.
Grape shatter is a major concern that puts many vineyards at the mercy of the weather each and every year. Also, as a tid bit of wine trivia for you, grape shatter is known in French as Coulure. Click on that term and you will find some more info on the different ways that grape shatter can happen and the other problems that stem from it.
Ferhat, great question and I look forward to hearing more from you again along with our many readers out there that are curious about this beautiful and wonderful drink. Cheers!!
Do Your Wine Legs Have Body?
April 8, 2008
I notice sometimes that there are streaks of wine that flow back down into the glass after I take a sip. I’ve heard of this referred to as wine legs and I wanted to know what makes them. - Heather in Albany, GA
Ahhh… more wine trivia. Wine legs are something that any casual drinker has probably seen at one point or another and this term also goes by the name wine tears as the wonderful French call it. The principal behind why this happens is based upon the Marangoni effect. In simple terms this states that alcohol evaporates faster than water. The alcohol moves up the side of the glass as it evaporates, but since there is a film of water on top, it is pushed up in an arch.
As the ethanol evaporates, gravity takes over and the surface tension that is pulling the wine up is broken and the water runs back down into the glass in rivulets, hence the term. Some think that the more wine legs/wine tears the better the wine. Not necessarily so, to be straight forward, wine legs really won’t tell you that much when judging a wine based on appearance.
Although ethanol, which is the primary type of alcohol in wine is a major contributor to the “body” of a wine, having a bottle that has a high alcohol content does not guarantee a fullness or texture. Also, this phenomenon is usually seen in wines above 12% alcohol.
Regardless if this is a point of debate about a measure of quality for some people, it is definitely something interesting to look at, especially after you’ve had a few glasses. Believe it or not I have had some very curious conversations after I’ve made the comment to the person sitting next to me that they have great legs.
Decanting Large Format Wine Bottles
April 7, 2008
Hey hello… for decanting large-format bottles of wine, should you use more than one decanter? Alley in Davenport, IL
Correct, if you are decanting a large format bottle, be prepared with several wine decanters. The process of decanting should be continuous. Keep in mind that once start, don’t stop until you are finished because this process will stir up the sediment in the wine. Also, you will definitely need help from someone to keep changing the decanters for you.
If it’s a very large format bottle you’ll probably need a two helpers to hold the bottle steady while the decanting the bottle. Many of these large format bottles are named after biblical kings. Sometimes however, the same name may be used to refer to different size bottles in different regions.
For the curious winos out there that love wine trivia. Here is a cool little chart that gives you the name of large format bottles along with their size.
| Bottle Equivalent | Bordeaux Wine Bottle Sizes | Burgundy & Champagne Bottle Sizes |
| Two (1.5L) | Magnum | Magnum |
| Three (2.25L) | Marie-Jeanne | N/A |
| Four (3.0L) | Double Magnum | Jeroboam |
| Six (4.5L) | Jeroboam | Rehoboam |
| Eight (6.0L) | Imperiale | Methusaleh |
| Twelve (9.0L) | N/A | Salmanazar |
| Sixteen (12.0L) | N/A | Balthazar |
| Twenty (15.0L) | N/A | Nebuchadnezzar |
Malolactic Fermentation
March 31, 2008
Can you tell me what malolactic fermentation is and what does it do? - Don in Gulfport, MS
Malolactic fermentation is a process where the tart malic acid is converted to a softer tasting lactic acid. Think of malic acid like the taste of green apples which is then converted into lactic acids, an example being the creamy, soft acids in milk. This process can occur at any time during or after the normal wine fermentation process.
It is generally thought to enhance the body and flavor and in turn produces soft and fuller wines. Many wine makers also feel that better a integration of the fruit and oak character is achieved if malolactic fermentation occurs during the time the wine is in barrel.
Yet, not all wines will benefit from this with Riesling being a perfect example. The best wines that get the most out of this process are full bodied dry whites and medium to full bodied dry reds. With these types of wines, malolactic fermentation is sometimes encouraged. The simple and practical reason being is that this process can spontaneously happen even after the wine has been bottled.
So Don, being curious as all wine virgins should be helps you to learn little bits of wine trivia here and there, making you appreciate how incredibly complex and time consuming creating a stable wine really is. Cheers!!
Le Tastevin
March 10, 2008
Will you please explain what a “le tastevin” is? Recently, I went to a very nice restaurant and I noticed what seemed to be a silver cup like ash tray thing hanging around the sommelier’s neck. I asked him what it was and he simply pointed at it with a look of pride and said le tastevin! What the hell is it and what is it used for? Thanks. - Katie in Lake Charles, LA
Wow, I have never quite heard a tastevin or “le tastevin” as your sommelier calls it, described in such a straight forward way. You’re right, come to think of it, it does look sort of like a strange ash tray or how about a miniature urn? The “bling” in which he so proudly pointed to was actually a curious bit of history.
Wine trivia can be so captivating… you see Katie, a tastevin is simply a wine-tasting cup. Long ago, cellar masters created this to sample wines deep down in a cellar, where it was dark and lit only by candle light. As far as the odd shape of the cup itself, it was designed to catch and reflect the little light that was available to make it easier to check the color and clarity of the wine.
Nowadays, there is really no practical use for the tastevin and it is mainly seen as a badge of honor among many sommeliers. If you’re curious to pick one up, look online because a number of wine shops will actually carry them and if you happen to go back to that restaurant and encounter the same guy… look at his cup and give him a knowing smile. Cheers!!
The Wine Negociant
March 5, 2008
My friends and I were wondering what a wine negociant was, could you give us some history about them and what they do? Thank you Wine Virgin! - Melissa in Rome, NY
Great one Melissa. I’ll do my best to answer it for you. Long ago, imagine being an owner of a few small vineyards in France. You are able to grow the grapes but can’t afford to buy all of the products necessary for wine making. This is where the negociant comes in. In many cases, they take the grapes from these vineyards and oversee the production and bottling of the wine.
Negotiants will buy up finished wine from smaller producers and market it themselves or sell it in bulk to others. Also, here’s some wine trivia for you. A negociant-eleveur is someone who actually owns vineyards and controls the growing of the grapes vs a negociant who strictly brokers the wine products needed.
Through bringing many grower’s wines to a winemaker for aging and bottling, a negociant was able to become very efficient on a scale that small growers were not able to. This made it possible for the wine get to market at a lower price and through the negociant’s blending expertise, they were able to produce a conistantly better wine.
Companies in the US that buy grapes and ferment wine in a winery and those companies that purchase and blend bulk wines are often licensed as wholesalers and may own the brand name. They use a winery to perform the blending and bottling services and because of this it is often difficult to tell exactly which company or winery made the wine.
However, there are still many companies out there that are strictly wine negociants who provide their expertise in bringing the best varieties of wine to market which makes the enjoyable task of being a lush all the easier.
The God of Wine
February 27, 2008
This is something that I have always had a question about, who was the god of wine? Was Dionysus the god of wine or Bacchus the god of wine? - Lydia in Milwaukee, WI
The simple answer is that both were. Here is a little ancient history of wine for you. Dionysus was the Greek version of this uninhibited lover of life and drink while Bacchus was the Roman name given to the same deity. They both represented not only the intoxicating power of wine, but also the social and beneficial influences that this strange drink had on society. They were considered to be promoters of civilization, lawgivers and lovers of peace and their divine mission was to bring an end to care and worry.
Both Dionysus and Bacchus were known for the lewd behavior of their followers who worked themselves into a craze during wild festivals and parties. Talk about the perfect place to lose one’s wine virginity. Also, Bacchus was the deity of agriculture and the theatre and he was also known as the Liberator, freeing a person from their normal self, by madness, ecstasy, or wine.
So now you know a little juicy bit of wine trivia that you can tell share with all of your friends, just let them know where you got it and tell them to stop by with their questions and curiosities. A toast to the god of wine!!